International Business Plan Export Business - 4467 Words

Executive Summary In Bangladesh the leather industry is well established and ranked fourth in terms of earning foreign exchange. In consideration of being a value added sector the (Government of Bangladesh (GoB), Ministry of Industry (MoI) has declared it as a priority sector. The leather products sector have huge opportunities in generating employment , entrepreneurship and investment by increasing export of higher value added products rather than finished leather and by utilizing locally made raw material (finished leather) to convert into more value added leather products (including footwear and other leather goods). The contribution of the industry sector to Bangladesh economy has been on the increase. Among the fifteen sectors†¦show more content†¦Now we are going to enter in International business though export our products. Quality and Assurance: Quality is our watchword. Every product produced at Northern Leather Craft Limited, passes through stringent quality tests. We adhere to international quality standards. Our professional Ramp;D teams are tirelessly working to satisfy our customer’s expectations. They bring home contemporary trends and create innovative colors and finishes. Logo of the company: Our Business: Versatility and technology in leather business. Our Mission: To provide intelligent alternatives with good cost benefit deals in leather business, aiming our buyers’ and suppliers’ satisfaction and ensuring the sustainable growth of our company. Our Vision: To grow in the leather sector and be a global brand in the Bangladesh leather industry. Our Values: * Ethics is a fundamental principle in all businesses in which we are involved; * To build long term businesses with reliable partners; * To act and to respond in the correct business timing; * To ensure quality and security in all operations; * Transparency in all business; Company Profile: Company Name: | NORTHERN LEATHER CRAFT LIMITED | Company Type: | Private Limited | Business Owner: | S.M. Mushfiqur Rahman, Mst. Kamrun Nahar, Maksuda Akter, Syeda Mohsina Akter | Year of Establishment: | 2000 | Business Type: | Manufacturer, Buying agent/SourcingShow MoreRelatedInternational Marketing Essay924 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Marketing Explain the stages that are typically taken by a firm moving from a domestic business to an international? 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The company is also involved in the transaction of selling its products and services to the broker with some efforts put in along with the considerationsRead MoreCompetitive Strategy Plan Of Shiv Naresh1326 Words   |  6 Pages TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Competitive strategy plan of Shiv Naresh 3. Requirements and Challenges 4. Gap Analysis 5. Organisation Structure 6. Complete Draft 7. Conclusion 8. References INTRODUCTION In the year 1990 R.K Singh invented Shiv-Naresh.in the past time he was known as good athlete and also worked in one of Delhi Company. With the investment of few money both started their business at their home in Delhi, he saved all spend money while doing job in oneRead MoreEthical And Environmental Issues Of International Marketing1408 Words   |  6 PagesDahbi, SharJah, Al Ain, Fujairah, Al Khaimah. We will introduce our at least 30 outlets in those cities . Other companies have their outlet here. . 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HoweverRead MoreThe Impact Of Management On The Globalization Of Business911 Words   |  4 Pagesmanagement in the Globalisation of business Management plays a crucial role in globalisation of a business, they do research and appoint qualified executives to help implement strategies and plans set by top management and chose the right style of management to manage the global business and strive in a competitive market. Manager of such global business are faced with many problem and issues, ethical issue and environmental issues, management of global business they learn from such problems. GlobalRead MoreNew Zealand Is A Potential Exporter And Exporter Essay1230 Words   |  5 Pagespotential exporter and importer in the international market. There are many commodities which New Zealand imports and exports on an adequate scale, where the country is lining up with other countries. New Zealand is well known for their sheep farming and there are lot of companies who are owning such industries. After an adequate research on the industry, I choose to select the most popular company of New Zealand called New Zealand Wool Services International limited. As per the 2013 statics New Zealand’sRead MoreOrganic Baby Food884 Words   |  4 Pageswith the business collaborators, the business strengths: the 5Cs, and their customers (Iacobucci, 2010). Integrated marketing communication is integration of all marketing tools, approaches, and resources within a company which maximizes impact on consumer mind and which results into maximum profit at minimum cost. Generally market ing starts from â€Å"Marketing Mix†. Integrated Marketing Communication (promotion) is the fourth component of Organic Baby food marketing plan. Being anRead MoreChinas Vanishing Trade Imbalance854 Words   |  3 PagesInternet Source: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/02/business/economy/chinas-vanishing-trade-imbalance.html?_r=1pagewanted=all The reason for choosing this article is because it discusses the relations between international business partners America China and highlights their role as global business organzaitions. The relation between China and America is a critical issue these days for the International Chamber of Commerce or as called World Business Organization and members of opposing parties areRead MoreBusiness Plan1172 Words   |  5 PagesBUSINESS PLAN ENTER YOUR BUSINESS NAME Enter your name July 17, 2008 SECTION 1: THE BUSINESS PROFILE Description of My Business (Session 1): Describe your product or service. Targeted Market and Customers (Session 1): Describe your customer profile and why customers want or need your product or service. Growth Trends In This Business (Session 1): Is the market for your product or service growing or shrinking? Pricing Power (Session 1): Explain the unique qualities

Germany and United States Relations Essay - 1309 Words

Germany and United States Relations Starting in 1945 with the defeat of Germany in World War Two and ending with the reunification of Germany in 1990, America has played a large role in the lives of the Germans. America was said to be Germany’s protector, patron, and partner. Because of this, Germany has had a special relationship with America, and their relationship has evolved throughout the years during periods of struggle in Germany. This partnership of countries has dealt with many issues such as the results of World War Two, the Berlin Airlift, the Cold War, the developing West Germany and it’s struggle against the East, the fall of the Berlin Wall (Die Mauer) in 1989, and the reunification of East and West Germany in 1990.†¦show more content†¦In June 1948 the Soviet Union (Stalin) ordered a blockade of all routes surrounding Berlin. (Smyser,85) For Months on end, the United States supplied the trapped Berliners with food and supplies from overhead airplanes. This was called the Berlin Air lift or Luftbrà ¼cke (air bridge). Eventually the Americans helped these people come to freedom, hence West Berlin and East Berlin were created and the Berlin Wall years shortly thereafter was put up separating the West from the East. Following this, was the era of the Cold War. During this time, many countries felt the threat of the Communist Soviet Union, including America, but European countries, especially Germany, felt most at threat because of their closeness (in distance) to the Soviet Union. American troops remained stationed in Germany during this crucial period. By 1989, the Berlin Wall came down, the Communist System had collapsed, and the Cold War was about to come to an end. East and West Germany reunified in October of 1990. This was the turning point for the relationship between Germany and the United States. Germany no longer needed to depend on the United States’ support as much as they used to. In recent years (middle to late 1990’s) it has been said that Germany and America still share a common bond, but also share many differences. As German/American foreign policy scholar, Helmut Sonnenfeld, puts it: German and American values are the same. Our national interests are not theShow MoreRelatedCage Analysis Administrative830 Words   |  4 PagesThe second element of the CAGE analysis is the administrative distance between two countries. In this case we will be discussing the administrative distance between Germany and the United States. First of all Germany and United Stated do not belong to a common trade block. Although lately rumors occurred of the European Union and United Stated creating a free trade area called the Transatlantic Free Trade Area (TAFTA) or Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). However it seems highlyRead MoreEssay on The Cold War and West Germany 1960-19701442 Words   |  6 PagesThe Cold War and West Germany 1960-1970 During the formative years of the Cold War, Germany had become both the potential balancer and ideological battleground between the East and the West. After Stalins death in 1953 tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union seemed to be improving. However, by the late 1950s when Khruschev took over power, hostility was on the rise due to his efforts to bully the United States into dà ©tente through intimidation. Khruschev wished for, amongRead MoreImpact Of Domestic Politics On German Foreign And Security Policy1648 Words   |  7 Pagespolicy. Germany is arguably one of the key global political actors. It’s extremely prominent, especially within international relations, and is also regarded as being economically, politically and geographically at the center of Europe. 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The United States supplied the Entente with an imme nse amount of raw materials and goods ever since the beginning of the war, and evenRead MoreThe United States and World War I Essay1703 Words   |  7 Pagesin Europe on July 28, 1914; President Woodrow Wilson formally proclaimed that the United States would remain neutral on August 4, 1914. However, the United States did not stick to this proclamation, and eventually became involved in the war efforts. This investigation aims to evaluate the reasons the United States violated their neutrality in order to join the war. In inquiring into the reasons of the United States’ entry into the war, the Zimmermann telegram will be assessed. 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Under his leadership German foreign policy has faced with a number of problem. after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary on June 1914, William II, incited Austria-Hungary to exact revenge against Serbia. He served as a commander in chief of the German armed forces throughout the war. He wanted to have the biggest and best empire and he would do anything t o succeed. He leads Germany to war against France and devised

Engineering Project Preparation

Question: Write an essay about the leadership and responsibility. Answer: Introduction The research work will shed light on the effect of leadership and responsibility on the performance of an organization. Over the last few years, leadership has evolved in a significant manner in accordance with the employees and the organization as well. The process of personnel administration has been replaced by the human resource management practices. This has enabled the management to perform in an effective and efficient manner with respect to the strategic integration of the innovative leadership style (Garca-Moraleset al. 2012). There are a number of leadership styles, which are used for integrating the strategic leadership, which again in turn helps to enrich the performance of an employee. Different styles of leadership have been being implemented from an earlier time based on empowerment as well as the decision-making capacity of the employees. Leadership presently plays a crucial role in every organization. It is the most crucial determinant of the productivity as well as the performance of an organization. Therefore, it is quite evident that the research is concerned about the role of leadership techniques and policies on the performance of an organization. This particular issue is considered because it is the prime concern of every organization that what leadership style or which form of leadership will help the organization to prosper in future (Grant2012). Presently, with the increasing competition among the organization at a national as well as international level it is quite necessary for the organizations to implement proper leadership style to sustain in the competitive market. It is quite necessary for the employees of an organization to perform well in order to meet a predefined set of duties and responsibilities. In the contemporary sectors of the organizations, experience a significantly high amount of regarding lower rate of productivity, low innovations as well as inability of meeting the deadlines and targets. These kinds of problems a rouse in the contemporary market because of the lack of strategic intervention in the styles of leadership. Therefore, the effects of leadership on the performance of an organization have been selected as the research topic. The problem of the concerned research is to understand the impact of management and economics of innovation and technology and thereby determine the extent to which this plays the role in improving the performance of an organization. The researcher here will collect primary as well as secondary data and by analyzing the data the researcher will try to reach a conclusive outcome. (NEED TO MENTION THE BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE PROPOSAL TO GET RID OF THE PROBLEM. MENTION THE SOLUTION BY ADDRESSING THE PROBLEM). Literature Review Leadership style is considered as the key factor that determines the success and failure of an organization. On the other hand, a leader is characterized as person who is held responsible for influencing, motivating and directing other employees to perform specified tasks, encourage their subordinates for performing efficiently, and thereby accomplish corporate objectives effectively (Voegtlinet al. 2012). Employees working within an organization are considered as the building block of that organization and therefore, leadership can be considered as the most influencing factor that controls these building blocks. The leaders in an organization act as the decision maker, decide the allocation of resources available within the organization, and hence convert those resources into valuable products and services. Therefore, leaders can be considered as the most efficient source of managerial rents and provider of competitive advantage as well. For explaining the growth and prosperity of organizations, a significant number of variables have been explained by the previous researchers. However, these researchers have not focused on the role of leadership on the growth rate of a firm (Voegtlinet al. 2012). Developing a brief understanding about the underlying relationship between the strategies adopted by business with the management system will clearly differentiate between the growth paths of a fast growing company with the growth path of a company that is growing at a slower rate. The research conducted at the earlier stages has examined various factors that may influence the firms, market and small businesses. In this particular section of the portfolio, entire focus will be on the impact of leadership on the performance of an organization. Again according to Voegtlinet al. (2012), in the case of bigger organizations the leadership style and attitude of the leader determines the operability of the smaller firms. However, in the context of smaller firms the CEOs have the ultimate power and they can significantly influence the functioning and operability of the firm. Hence, the style of leadership of these managers of these organizations depicts their view regarding the managerial actions and behaviors. Again, it has been pointed out by Walumbwaet al. (2012), that, there is a possibility of existence of a high correlation between characteristics of a firm and leadership style adopted by the managers in the firm. According to Voegtlinet al. (2012), for being successful in a business, it is essential to match business strategies in accordance with the management practices and with the leadership style followed by the leaders of that organization. Models of leadership In the context of leadership, the researchers have developed a number of models. However, among these models situational leadership model is considered as the most effective and efficient model. This model is recognized as the most widely used tool relevant to leadership and influence (Manzoor2012). Moreover, the situational leadership model is reliant on the relationship between leaders and followers. This model serves as the framework that analyses the situation. This analysis is based on the following features, The amount and intensity of the guidance and direction provided by a leader Socioeconomic support provided by a leader The readiness and adaptability of the followers in order to perform a task or function The key characteristics possessed by a situational leader are that they generally depict four competencies associated with leadership, Diagnose: Obtaining a brief idea about the situation these leaders are trying to influence Adaptability: Ability to adjust the adaptability of these leaders in accordance with the contingencies associated with the particular situation (Manzoor 2012). Communicate: Creating an extensive and efficient communication within the group in which these leaders are working Advance: Dealing with the movements efficiently as well as effectively Therefore, it is quite evident that the situational leadership model thrusts on the implication of flexibility as well as simplicity. It is also able to equip the leaders with necessary tools for dealing with excessively diverse workforce and controlling the demand of this workforce as well. Effect of leadership on organizational performance Leadership is an important factor in determining the productivity and operability of an organization. Manzoor(2012), pointed out that effective leadership helps an organization to achieve their present objectives and goals in a more efficient and effective manner. This is done by developing a relationship between job performance and reward and thereby ensures the availability of required resources to the employees at the point of time. The need of amalgamation and interdependencies for the new work environment of working associated with the increasing global competition requires leadership and this evidently goes beyond the classical leadership styles. Hence, it can easily be said that these leaders create a strategic vision, conveys this vision with the help of the method of farming and metaphor, model the particular vision by Walking the talk method and responding constantly and also generating commitment towards the organization. Hence it is quite natural that leadership will give rise to enhanced level of productivity and performance among the employees. As stated earlier employees are the building block of any organization and therefore enhancement in their productivity and performance will enable the organization to achieve competitive advantage in the era of global competition. As pointed out by Manzoor(2012), leadership also affects the outcome of any organization in a positive manner. There is also prevalence of empirical evidence that effective leadership positively influence the performance of an organization as well as individuals. Conceptual framework: The conceptual framework will provide a basic understanding about the working mechanism of leadership. As per the seconday research the conceptual framework states that, if there is an organization with lower productivity and now it employs effective management of innovation and technology. It is more likely that the organization will be able to increase its productivity. Research Questions, Aims and Sub-goals: Aims of the Research The aim of this research is to investigate effects of leadership styles on the overall performance of an organization. Aims of the Research Research objectives are very important in guide lining the entire research process in an effective manner. The research questions are stated below, To investigate the different leadership styles that influences employee performance To determine the relationship between employee performance and effective leadership styles To determine the role of leadership in determining the employee performance To provide recommendations for improving the style of leadership for enhancing employee performance Research questions What are the different leadership styles that affect the employee performance? What is the relationship between employee performance and effective leadership? What is the role of leadership in influencing the employee performance? What is the best possible way to influence the employee performance? Theoretical Content In order to gain required information about the theoretical framework along with the hypothetical framework used in the previous chapters, in this chapter it has been attempted to develop a proper research framework and technique. This will help to achieve the desired outcome.There are two types of research philosophies prevalent in this context, namely positivism and interpretivism, the philosophy of positivism focuses on determining the issues of the research after recognizing and determining the truth and real factors (Robsonand McCartan2016). The theory of interpretivism philosophy is not suitable for this work and hence the positivism philosophy is selected. There are mainly two types of research approaches such as inductive and deductive research approach. Based on the nature and category of these two research approaches deductive approach has been selected. As this approach is beneficial for many researches, because this analyses he data first and thereby prepares a theory and that too after extensively evaluating the literatures available in this regard (Mackeyand Gass2015). The three existing research rationale that are mainly used in the research work are explanatory, exploratory and analytical. The explanatory approach focuses mainly on building up a relationship between two variables determined by the topic investigated. The exploratory approach focuses mainly on obtaining background information because the unanticipated intention of the study (Mackey and Gass 2015). On the contrary analytical approach seems more suitable for the study as this tests the relation between dependent, independent and unrestrained variables and therefo re, it will be the perfect rationale for the research. (IMPACT OF THE THEORY ON THE PROJECT STEPS). Experimental Set-up Research design The research will be conducted conducting survey, interview, reviewing case studies and focused groups. Survey will be the most suitable method for this research, as this will help to fetch real data regarding the situation. Interview on the other hand will help to obtain qualitative and quantitative data more effectively. Data collection method Distributing the survey questionnaire online between 88 employees of an organization data will be collected. Along with this, 5 managers of the organization will be interviewed. For online data collection, simple random sampling method has been used.(WHY IS WALMART BEING MENTIONED. YOU HAVENT ADDRESSED IT BEFORE, THEN WHY NOW. INSTEAD TRY TO ADD DETAILS ON METHODS OF LINKING THE PROJECT EXPERIMENTAL SET UP WITH THE AIM AND SUB-GOALS) Limitations of the study In the context of the limitations of the study, it can be said that the researcher was faced with a number of difficulties while conducting the research. At first the researcher faced complications while interviewing the managers, as they are very busy with the significantly high job responsibility. The fund and time provided for the research work were also very limited. Reference List Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012.Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of Business Research, 65(7), pp.1040-1050. Grant, A.M., 2012. Leading with meaning: Beneficiary contact, prosocial impact, and the performance effects of transformational leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 55(2), pp.458-476. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Manzoor, Q.A., 2012. Impact of employees motivation on organizational effectiveness. Business management and strategy, 3(1), p.1. Robson, C. and McCartan, K., 2016. Real world research. Wiley. Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M. and Scherer, A.G., 2012. Responsible leadership in global business: A new approach to leadership and its multi-level outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(1), pp.1-16. Walumbwa, F.O., Morrison, E.W. and Christensen, A.L., 2012. Ethical leadership and group in-role performance: The mediating roles of group conscientiousness and group voice. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(5), pp.953-964.

What You Never Learned In High School Essays - Education Reform

What You Never Learned In High School ?What You Never Learned in High School? Welcome to a world full of sleepless nights, endless responsibilities, and computerized solitaire. Welcome to the land where coffee beans reign and Vivarin rules. Welcome to college. ?You've been here before. Sure you have ?Needful Things? -Stephen King This may not be the case with everyone, but I know that when I was in high school, college was my ultimate dream. Unlike most of my peers, high school never held that special sentimental enchantment for me as it did for them. I didn't display any noticeable increase in school spirit during my final year out of respect for what would soon become my alma mater. For example, I didn't request a single person to sign my yearbook, I didn't order extra copies of the senior class picture to adorn the walls of every room I ever intend to occupy with, and not a single tear was shed at graduation. Spirit Week, a time of social union, pep rallies, and ridiculous clothing that was somehow meant to show support for a football team who hadn't won a section in over a decade, was looked upon with the usual apprehension, but with a sense of quiet anticipation. I was ready for the big time, college, where every day would be a new experience in freedom, and every night would be a new experience in alcoh olism. It wasn't until I actually got to college that Reality decided to give me one of the swiftest kicks to the nether quarters that I have ever experienced in my life. I was finally in the ?Real World?. Throughout my years in public education, there always seemed to be someone to look after my best interests. There was always a mother or a father to wake me up for school on time, and to provide me with lunch money. They were always there to help me with my homework (until I reached about eighth grade and even they didn't have a clue), and, of course, to put me back in line when they thought I was out of it. There were always teachers who assured me that what they were teaching would be of endless value to me throughout the rest of my life, and would surely help me in college. Questions such as ?What does the child, Pearl, symbolize in Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel, ?The Scarlet Letter may very well be asked during a job interview someday, and that the Quadratic Formula would indeed become a part of my everyday life. Looking back now, it makes me wonder if they had ever actually been to college themselves. During my first semester of college, when faced with the fifty-seven hours of homework to be completed in forty-eight, or the first Calculus chapter that was ?undoubtedly a review for those students who had already completed a course in Pre-Calculus during high school? (a chapter that made about as much sense to me as Arabic script); one question constantly reoccurred in my mind: When was I ever prepared for all of this? Throughout high school, the period of my life intended to orient more then any other around preparing me for college, the teachers who thought themselves to be lenient and considerate in their ways, were really depriving the student body of vital knowledge and experience. Teachers never forced us into budgeting our time, they never pressured the students who really cared about their grades into asking for help by keeping a rigorous homework schedule, and tests were never first and final. While they were doing us a favor by grading on a curve, offering extensions for late reports, and allowing homework to be turned in late, they were really misleading us in one of the worst possible ways. How many first semester college students would one think has spent countless nights staying up until four or five o'clock in the morning trying to understand that last bit of Calculus? How many have gone over twenty-four hours without sleeping at all to finish that five page thesis that was assigned just four days ago along with a million other assignments? I speak from experience when I say that I've had more sleepless nights engaged in such

Vincent Van Gogh free essay sample

Life, career, style, influences of 19th Cent. Dutch painter, focusing on Starry Night. In a letter written to his brother, presumably Theo, from Drenthe, in 1883, Van Gogh speaks of his inability to resist waiting for a landlord before beginning a homeward journey on his own during which he took the opportunity to make sketches of an orchard. Whether or not, like the poplars, this orchard, an apple orchard, so impressed him as an artist that it stayed with him for five years is not known from Van Goghs letters.

South African Food Security and the lack of Transport Systems essays

South African Food Security and the lack of Transport Systems essays South African Food Security and the lack of Transport Systems Agriculture is often a major part of any countries economy. It not only serves as a means of feeding the nations people, but also may serve as an excellent export to other countries. We are all familiar with Florida Oranges, Idaho Potatoes, and even Wisconsin Cheese. These have become famous for their unique taste or perhaps just marketability, which is an important strategy of foodstuffs next to the transportation systems. For example, because ours in the U.S. are up to date, it allows us to get certain crops, such as rice from Japan in a timely, low cost manner. However, in the SADC (Southern African Development Council) it is not that easy. Throughout this paper we will take a look at why that is from past to present, define agricultural development and offer reasons why an adequate transport system is necessary. African agricultural development history can be broken down into four periods: Pre-colonial, colonial, post-colonial and present day. There is similarities and differences between these periods that may offer some insight to how Africa grew into the situations they now face. Agriculture at this time was classified by subsistence farming and shifting cultivation due to a low land population. All food or most was cultivated for consumption by farmers and others who lived nearby and was directly linked to nutrition. At this time transport systems were virtually unnecessary. Agriculture during the colonial period, 1880 to mid 1960, was drastically altered and turned from being self-sufficient to on the verge of starvation. Colonization imposed the farming of cash crops along with several market and tax policies. This separated agriculture form nutrition, the backbone of African farming. The land needed to be under constant cultivation, rather than seasonal which was another way the Europeans exploit ...

Article Crtique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Article Crtique - Essay Example The integration of the model into the health care industry was ensured by additional literature review, practice analysis, expert panel inputs, and pilot-testing survey. The variability in the application of the design has been handled by its wide coverage of twenty six behavioral and technical competencies. These competencies belong to three major domains in the studied industry. However each of these competencies were defined and benchmarked by behavioral indicators, or levels which were used to assess the progress of the professionals involved. The study model also took into consideration the differential developmental requirements. The Health Leadership Competency Model fits into academic conditions and also adheres well with practical circumstances in health care. The article addressed a clearly focused issue. The article aims at reviewing the operational results associated with the Health Leadership Competency Model being used in a number of organizations related with health care industry. It also aims to critically evaluate the outcomes of the application of Health Leadership Competency Models being used in healthcare management graduate programs. The article also specifically identifies the competencies for the model, its specifications and the validation process. The focus of the research is streamlined and has a defined direction. The objectives of the study have been justified by other literatures as z need of the industry. Standardization of Health Leadership Competency Models have been demanded by a number of researchers in the field. The authors have referred to appropriate and adequate works. The author referred to an explicit range of database and periodicals. A wide range was covered as literatures have been referred by the authors in the process of reviewing the outcomes Health Leadership Competency Model. Literatures pertaining to the need of improvisation in