Engineering Project Preparation

Question: Write an essay about the leadership and responsibility. Answer: Introduction The research work will shed light on the effect of leadership and responsibility on the performance of an organization. Over the last few years, leadership has evolved in a significant manner in accordance with the employees and the organization as well. The process of personnel administration has been replaced by the human resource management practices. This has enabled the management to perform in an effective and efficient manner with respect to the strategic integration of the innovative leadership style (Garca-Moraleset al. 2012). There are a number of leadership styles, which are used for integrating the strategic leadership, which again in turn helps to enrich the performance of an employee. Different styles of leadership have been being implemented from an earlier time based on empowerment as well as the decision-making capacity of the employees. Leadership presently plays a crucial role in every organization. It is the most crucial determinant of the productivity as well as the performance of an organization. Therefore, it is quite evident that the research is concerned about the role of leadership techniques and policies on the performance of an organization. This particular issue is considered because it is the prime concern of every organization that what leadership style or which form of leadership will help the organization to prosper in future (Grant2012). Presently, with the increasing competition among the organization at a national as well as international level it is quite necessary for the organizations to implement proper leadership style to sustain in the competitive market. It is quite necessary for the employees of an organization to perform well in order to meet a predefined set of duties and responsibilities. In the contemporary sectors of the organizations, experience a significantly high amount of regarding lower rate of productivity, low innovations as well as inability of meeting the deadlines and targets. These kinds of problems a rouse in the contemporary market because of the lack of strategic intervention in the styles of leadership. Therefore, the effects of leadership on the performance of an organization have been selected as the research topic. The problem of the concerned research is to understand the impact of management and economics of innovation and technology and thereby determine the extent to which this plays the role in improving the performance of an organization. The researcher here will collect primary as well as secondary data and by analyzing the data the researcher will try to reach a conclusive outcome. (NEED TO MENTION THE BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE PROPOSAL TO GET RID OF THE PROBLEM. MENTION THE SOLUTION BY ADDRESSING THE PROBLEM). Literature Review Leadership style is considered as the key factor that determines the success and failure of an organization. On the other hand, a leader is characterized as person who is held responsible for influencing, motivating and directing other employees to perform specified tasks, encourage their subordinates for performing efficiently, and thereby accomplish corporate objectives effectively (Voegtlinet al. 2012). Employees working within an organization are considered as the building block of that organization and therefore, leadership can be considered as the most influencing factor that controls these building blocks. The leaders in an organization act as the decision maker, decide the allocation of resources available within the organization, and hence convert those resources into valuable products and services. Therefore, leaders can be considered as the most efficient source of managerial rents and provider of competitive advantage as well. For explaining the growth and prosperity of organizations, a significant number of variables have been explained by the previous researchers. However, these researchers have not focused on the role of leadership on the growth rate of a firm (Voegtlinet al. 2012). Developing a brief understanding about the underlying relationship between the strategies adopted by business with the management system will clearly differentiate between the growth paths of a fast growing company with the growth path of a company that is growing at a slower rate. The research conducted at the earlier stages has examined various factors that may influence the firms, market and small businesses. In this particular section of the portfolio, entire focus will be on the impact of leadership on the performance of an organization. Again according to Voegtlinet al. (2012), in the case of bigger organizations the leadership style and attitude of the leader determines the operability of the smaller firms. However, in the context of smaller firms the CEOs have the ultimate power and they can significantly influence the functioning and operability of the firm. Hence, the style of leadership of these managers of these organizations depicts their view regarding the managerial actions and behaviors. Again, it has been pointed out by Walumbwaet al. (2012), that, there is a possibility of existence of a high correlation between characteristics of a firm and leadership style adopted by the managers in the firm. According to Voegtlinet al. (2012), for being successful in a business, it is essential to match business strategies in accordance with the management practices and with the leadership style followed by the leaders of that organization. Models of leadership In the context of leadership, the researchers have developed a number of models. However, among these models situational leadership model is considered as the most effective and efficient model. This model is recognized as the most widely used tool relevant to leadership and influence (Manzoor2012). Moreover, the situational leadership model is reliant on the relationship between leaders and followers. This model serves as the framework that analyses the situation. This analysis is based on the following features, The amount and intensity of the guidance and direction provided by a leader Socioeconomic support provided by a leader The readiness and adaptability of the followers in order to perform a task or function The key characteristics possessed by a situational leader are that they generally depict four competencies associated with leadership, Diagnose: Obtaining a brief idea about the situation these leaders are trying to influence Adaptability: Ability to adjust the adaptability of these leaders in accordance with the contingencies associated with the particular situation (Manzoor 2012). Communicate: Creating an extensive and efficient communication within the group in which these leaders are working Advance: Dealing with the movements efficiently as well as effectively Therefore, it is quite evident that the situational leadership model thrusts on the implication of flexibility as well as simplicity. It is also able to equip the leaders with necessary tools for dealing with excessively diverse workforce and controlling the demand of this workforce as well. Effect of leadership on organizational performance Leadership is an important factor in determining the productivity and operability of an organization. Manzoor(2012), pointed out that effective leadership helps an organization to achieve their present objectives and goals in a more efficient and effective manner. This is done by developing a relationship between job performance and reward and thereby ensures the availability of required resources to the employees at the point of time. The need of amalgamation and interdependencies for the new work environment of working associated with the increasing global competition requires leadership and this evidently goes beyond the classical leadership styles. Hence, it can easily be said that these leaders create a strategic vision, conveys this vision with the help of the method of farming and metaphor, model the particular vision by Walking the talk method and responding constantly and also generating commitment towards the organization. Hence it is quite natural that leadership will give rise to enhanced level of productivity and performance among the employees. As stated earlier employees are the building block of any organization and therefore enhancement in their productivity and performance will enable the organization to achieve competitive advantage in the era of global competition. As pointed out by Manzoor(2012), leadership also affects the outcome of any organization in a positive manner. There is also prevalence of empirical evidence that effective leadership positively influence the performance of an organization as well as individuals. Conceptual framework: The conceptual framework will provide a basic understanding about the working mechanism of leadership. As per the seconday research the conceptual framework states that, if there is an organization with lower productivity and now it employs effective management of innovation and technology. It is more likely that the organization will be able to increase its productivity. Research Questions, Aims and Sub-goals: Aims of the Research The aim of this research is to investigate effects of leadership styles on the overall performance of an organization. Aims of the Research Research objectives are very important in guide lining the entire research process in an effective manner. The research questions are stated below, To investigate the different leadership styles that influences employee performance To determine the relationship between employee performance and effective leadership styles To determine the role of leadership in determining the employee performance To provide recommendations for improving the style of leadership for enhancing employee performance Research questions What are the different leadership styles that affect the employee performance? What is the relationship between employee performance and effective leadership? What is the role of leadership in influencing the employee performance? What is the best possible way to influence the employee performance? Theoretical Content In order to gain required information about the theoretical framework along with the hypothetical framework used in the previous chapters, in this chapter it has been attempted to develop a proper research framework and technique. This will help to achieve the desired outcome.There are two types of research philosophies prevalent in this context, namely positivism and interpretivism, the philosophy of positivism focuses on determining the issues of the research after recognizing and determining the truth and real factors (Robsonand McCartan2016). The theory of interpretivism philosophy is not suitable for this work and hence the positivism philosophy is selected. There are mainly two types of research approaches such as inductive and deductive research approach. Based on the nature and category of these two research approaches deductive approach has been selected. As this approach is beneficial for many researches, because this analyses he data first and thereby prepares a theory and that too after extensively evaluating the literatures available in this regard (Mackeyand Gass2015). The three existing research rationale that are mainly used in the research work are explanatory, exploratory and analytical. The explanatory approach focuses mainly on building up a relationship between two variables determined by the topic investigated. The exploratory approach focuses mainly on obtaining background information because the unanticipated intention of the study (Mackey and Gass 2015). On the contrary analytical approach seems more suitable for the study as this tests the relation between dependent, independent and unrestrained variables and therefo re, it will be the perfect rationale for the research. (IMPACT OF THE THEORY ON THE PROJECT STEPS). Experimental Set-up Research design The research will be conducted conducting survey, interview, reviewing case studies and focused groups. Survey will be the most suitable method for this research, as this will help to fetch real data regarding the situation. Interview on the other hand will help to obtain qualitative and quantitative data more effectively. Data collection method Distributing the survey questionnaire online between 88 employees of an organization data will be collected. Along with this, 5 managers of the organization will be interviewed. For online data collection, simple random sampling method has been used.(WHY IS WALMART BEING MENTIONED. YOU HAVENT ADDRESSED IT BEFORE, THEN WHY NOW. INSTEAD TRY TO ADD DETAILS ON METHODS OF LINKING THE PROJECT EXPERIMENTAL SET UP WITH THE AIM AND SUB-GOALS) Limitations of the study In the context of the limitations of the study, it can be said that the researcher was faced with a number of difficulties while conducting the research. At first the researcher faced complications while interviewing the managers, as they are very busy with the significantly high job responsibility. The fund and time provided for the research work were also very limited. Reference List Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012.Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of Business Research, 65(7), pp.1040-1050. Grant, A.M., 2012. Leading with meaning: Beneficiary contact, prosocial impact, and the performance effects of transformational leadership. Academy of Management Journal, 55(2), pp.458-476. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015. Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Manzoor, Q.A., 2012. Impact of employees motivation on organizational effectiveness. Business management and strategy, 3(1), p.1. Robson, C. and McCartan, K., 2016. Real world research. Wiley. Voegtlin, C., Patzer, M. and Scherer, A.G., 2012. Responsible leadership in global business: A new approach to leadership and its multi-level outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 105(1), pp.1-16. Walumbwa, F.O., Morrison, E.W. and Christensen, A.L., 2012. Ethical leadership and group in-role performance: The mediating roles of group conscientiousness and group voice. The Leadership Quarterly, 23(5), pp.953-964.